While discussing a boy's schoolwork in a teacher-parent conference, the teacher suggests that he does not demonstrate self-efficacy. According to the theory of Albert Bandura, self-efficacy refers to
a. a willingness to conform to the feelings of the majority.
b. the belief that one can perform adequately in a particular situation.
c. a system of moral values and a strong sense of right and wrong.
d. the need to achieve one's potential or to be the best that one can be.
Answer: b. the belief that one can perform adequately in a particular situation.
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Bandura's ________ has proven to be the most influential of his ideas.
a. specific approach to therapy b. emphasis on observational learning c. concept of expectancies d. discovery of if . . . then contingencies
When first learning to read, Kara was taught using the phonics approach and Yolanda was taught with the whole-language approach. Which of the following outcomes is most likely based on existing research?
a. Kara will learn to read faster than Yolanda. b. Yolanda will learn to read faster than Kara. c. Both of them will learn to read equally well. d. Kara is more at risk of developing dyslexia because of the confusion between the sound and appearance of letters linked to the phonics approach.