____ is the phrase to describe when substances are used to relieve an unpleasant emotional state such as sadness, anxiety, stress, or loneliness

Which of the following are cited by the author as factors that contribute to the quality of preschool?

a. education and training of teachers, class size and child–teacher ratio, age-appropriate materials and activities, and teacher–child interactions b. child temperament, the parenting style of the children's home environment, physical facilities, and emotional reactivity of caregivers c. parenting style of the caregivers, quality of educational material, temperament and reactivity of the children, and class size and teacher–child ratio d. age-appropriate materials and activities, parenting styles of caregivers, temperament and reactivity of the children, and teacher–child interactions

Explain the three different types of cohort effects

What will be an ideal response?