When lobbyists for a group of corporations, including Dardin Restaurants, which owns the Olive Garden chain, went to legislators that they were friendly with in order to get them to remove a piece of legislation that would have closed a tax loophole that these corporations were using to escape taxes, they engaged in

A) information campaigning.
B) cybercrime.
C) gerrymandering.
D) direct lobbying.
E) grassroots lobbying.

D