The earliest e-mail protocol is ____________________, which defines how text messages are forwarded and routed between Internet hosts

In the simple exponential smoothing model Ft + 1 = (1 - ?) Ft + ?At, the exponential smoothing constant is ________

A) Ft+1 B) ? C) At D) Ft

Why do some marketers see a conflict between brand building and promotions?

What will be an ideal response?