Which of the following African empires did NOT come under the influence of Muslim culture?

What is the meaning of the word "Islam"?

A) ?teaching B) ?submission (to Allah) C) ?right path D) ?charitable act

The underlying premise of interdisciplinary studies is that

a. the disciplines are themselves the necessary precondition for and foundation of the interdisciplinary enterprise b. the disciplines are superfluous to our understanding of the world c. the disciplines are the future of education