Only _____ to ______ percent of first-year college students have achieved formal-operational thinking

Zelda is given an intelligence test and scores in the high-average range. To make sure that this particular intelligence test has high _________ validity, her results are compared to her performance on the SAT, which is known to be related to intelligence

a. internal b. face c. construct d. criterion

Which of the following theories suggest that the waste byproducts of normal cellular activity actually cause the problems associated with aging?

a. telomerease theory b. free radical theory c. metabolic discharge theory d. reuptake theory