According to one study of federal sentencing data, offenders who pled guilty received ______________________ than offenders who were convicted at trial.

A consequence that brings about an increase in the frequency of a behavior is a(n) _____; a consequence that decreases the frequency of a behavior is a(n) _____

a) punishment; successive approximation. b) positive reinforcement; shaping. c) modeling; successive approximation. d) reinforcement; punishment.

A psychological defense mechanism in which one refuses to acknowledge what

has taken place is called a. projection b. sublimation c. denial d. repression e. depression