A word, sound, gesture, or visual image that represents a thought, concept, object, or experience is called a _____

Donovan asks Jiao, "Is something wrong?" Although she is upset with Donovan, she answer,

"No, no, not at all" and says nothing further. Jiao's behavior is A. passive. B. aggressive. C: passive-aggressive. D: assertive.

Which of the following experimental designs offers the weakest argument for a cause-effect relationship?

a. Static-group comparison b. Solomon four-group design c. nonequivalent control group design d. one-shot case study