A group of researchers wanted to determine whether people would help someone in distress more quickly if they were alone. Half the participants were waiting alone in a room when they heard a cry for help, and half the participants were waiting with four other people when they heard a cry for help. The researchers then measured how long it took for help to be offered. In this study, the dependent variable is:

Which of the following is NOT a good way for college students to combat depression?

a. If you are lacking in skills to be successful in college, ask for help in getting these skills. b. View positive events as stable and continuing. c. Write down one's self­critical thoughts and then write a rational answer to each. d. Try to sleep more hours in order to relax and alleviate the depression.

Researchers have found that older adults with a history of high blood pressure or vascular disease tend to experience a decline in which type of intelligence?

A. Interpersonal B. Bodily–kinesthetic C. Crystallized D. Fluid