Researchers have found that older adults with a history of high blood pressure or vascular disease tend to experience a decline in which type of intelligence?

In a classroom debate, a student says that, because research has determined that IQ is highly heritable, the IQ differences found between different racial groups must be genetic. A proper response to this student's conclusion would be that

a. heritability that is based on an estimate within one group cannot be used to interpret differences between groups. b. racial differences in gene pools reflect the evolutionary pressures imposed by different environments. c. differences between groups do not occur when culturally-fair tests are used. d. heritability estimates that apply to one group apply to all groups.

Which of the following factors affects cultural differences in physical size?

A) climate B) gender C) cultural beliefs D) crime rates