How are pairwise comparisons used in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to select an alternative?
What will be an ideal response?
• To obtain the weights of selection criteria, the decision maker conducts pairwise comparisons of the criteria: first criterion to second, first to third, . . ., first to last; then, second to third, . . ., second to last; . . .; and then the next-to-last criterion to the last one. This establishes the importance of each criterion; that is, how much of the goal's weight is distributed to each criterion i.e., how important each criterion is.
• Beneath each criterion are the same sets of choices (alternatives) in the simple case described here. Like the goal, the criteria decompose their weight into the choices, which capture 100 percent of the weight of each criterion. The decision maker performs a pairwise comparison of choices in terms of preferences, as they relate to the specific criterion under consideration. Each set of choices must be pairwise compared as they relate to each criterion. Finally, the results are synthesized and displayed on a bar graph. The choice with the most weight is the correct choice.
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