The ability to sense the color yellow can be explained by ____

Foley and her colleagues (1999) proposed that the research on self-reference may actually underestimate the magnitude of the self-reference effect. They reached this conclusion because

a. participants typically process items at a shallow level of processing, even when they are instructed to use deep processing. b. the meta-analysis of the data on the self-reference effect demonstrates that this technique is not especially helpful. c. participants cannot really relate items to their own lives. d. the participants reported that they had often used self-reference processing, even when they had received other instructions.

Social facilitation is most likely to occur when individuals

A) have had relatively little practice. B) are alone. C) are novices. D) have mastered the task they are performing.