Researchers who are interested in testing a theory are probably not primarily concerned that the studies have high levels of

The way that the population of a nation organizes into associations or organizations that are independent of formal institutions of the state is referred to as:

A. plurality voting B. proportional representation C. social movements D. civil society

Which of the following about policy-making in Brazil is NOT true?

a. Although in general, policy-making tends to be fluid and ambiguous, there are some policy domains that are clearly defined. b. Complex formal and informal networks tend to be the chief players in the policy process. c. While organized business has consistently been influential in the policy-making process, organized labor has generally not. d. Policy implementation is the subject of perpetual bargaining. e. The president is the central actor in the policy-making process.