What form does a joint venture usually take?

Which of the following instruments would not be classified as a financial liability?

A. A preference share that will be redeemed by the issuer for a fixed amount of cash on a future date (i.e., the entity has an outstanding share that it will repurchase at a future date) B. A contract for the delivery of as many of the entity's ordinary shares as are equal in value to P 100,000 on a future date (i.e., the entity will issue a variable number of own shares in return for cash at a future date) C. A written call option that gives the holder the right to purchase a fixed number of the entity's ordinary shares in return for a fixed price (i.e., the entity would issue a fixed number of own shares in return for cash, if the option is exercised by the holder, at a future date) D. An issued perpetual debt instrument (i.e., a debt instrument for which interest will be paid for all eternity, but the principal will not be repaid)

Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, believed that the inherent nature of human beings was "good." He believed that a human being's ultimate nature was to try to realize a good end with the help of good means. Aristotle promoted a fairness or justice approach to ethics that is known as ethics of ________.

a. purpose b. principle c. consequence d. equality