Dr. Asgaard believes that in order to fully understand complex processes, such as auditory processing, it is first necessary to understand all the separate component parts. Dr. Asgaard's views are MOST consistent with those of

Negative reinforcement ________ response probability by the ________ following a response

a. increases; presentation of an appetitive stimulus b. increases; removal, reduction, or prevention of an aversive stimulus c. decreases; presentation of an appetitive stimulus d. decreases; removal, reduction, or prevention of an aversive stimulus

Describe how contemporary psychodynamic therapy differs from traditional

psychoanalysis. What will be an ideal response?