Identify three ways in which presidents have organized personal staff and comment on the advantages and disadvantages of each.

What will be an ideal response?

? Pyramid: Provides for an orderly flow of information and decisions; risks isolating or misinforming the president? Circular: Provides the president with a wealth of information, but increases the chance of confusion and conflict.? Ad hoc: Allows for great flexibility, minimizes bureaucratic inertia, and generates ideas and information from disparate channels; risks cutting the president off from the government officials who are ultimately responsible for translating presidential decisions into policy proposals and administrative action.