Which of the following encourages employees to set their own performance goals?

If an American tourist in Tokyo pays more in dollars for the same amount of yen that she bought last week, then:

A) a Japanese tourist in San Francisco pays more in yen for the same amount of dollars that she bought the week before. B) the dollar has depreciated relative to the yen. C) the yen has depreciated relative to the dollar. D) the dollar has appreciated relative to the yen. E) the dollar and yen both remained same in value.

Starbucks, Aveda, and BMW have been able to position themselves within their categories by combining quality, luxury, and premium prices with an intensely loyal customer base. These companies are employing a ________ strategy

A) market-skimming B) market-penetration C) survival D) market share maximization E) product-quality leadership