How much has diversity increased in the federal workforce in the last 50 years? How diverse is the workforce now? How might the federal bureaucracy increase its diversity?
Answer:
An ideal response will:
1. Describe how the federal bureaucracy has changed from the 1950s, when most employees were white and most female employees were in lower-level positions, to 2013, when the number of women and minorities in the federal workforce reached an all-time high.
2. Note that today women make up almost half of the federal workforce and minorities about one-third; however, in spite of the increases in numbers, women and minorities are not equally represented in all departments and agencies, and they are not represented at all levels of the bureaucracy (e.g., they hold barely 15 percent of the top jobs).
3. Identify that one way to increase diversity throughout the departments would be to recruit more women into the military and technical departments, and a way to increase diversity at all levels would be to increase training and mentoring programs to move both women and minorities into professional and management positions
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The largest amount of federal grants-in-aid money goes for
a. welfare. b. education. c. health programs. d. transportation and highways.
The text focuses on three causative factors as to why changes in the policy process may occur. Which of the following is NOT one of them? a. Changes in the policy process may be purposeful and intentional reforms made by the disgruntled public
b. Some changes, because of broad or multiple driving forces, can best be regarded as responses to alterations in the policy environment. c. Changes in the policy process may be the unintended consequences of actions taken for other purposes. d. There are changes that are formally designed and adopted, and that operate generally as intended.