In the past, response biases were viewed as methodological artifacts that needed to be controlled in order to get to "true" responses, but today, there is a growing view of them as an important part of cultural influence on data

Using Kohlberg's terms, identify the level of moral reasoning in each statement: (1) "He only cares if he gets punished or rewarded"; (2) "He has a personal code of ethics that transcends what society says"; (3) "His morality is focused on what the culture says is legal or right."

a) (1) premoral; (2) postmoral; (3) traditionally moral b) (1) postconventional; (2) preconventional; (3) conventional c) (1) conventional; (2) preconventional; (3) postconventional d) (1) preconventional; (2) postconventional; (3) conventional

According to Kohlberg, mature moral thinkers

A) view moral understanding as merely academic and unrelated to moral action. B) realize that behaving in line with their beliefs is vital for creating and maintaining a just social world. C) do not believe in a common justice morality and, thus, act less prosocially than lower-stage adolescents. D) tend to place greater weight on caring than on justice-based reasoning.