Participants were asked to make a video advocating the use of condoms. Half were then asked to think about reasons they had not used condoms, while the other half thought about reasons why other students had not

Later on, each group was asked to choose between purchasing condoms or making a donation to a worthy cause. Please briefly discuss what psychological outcomes were the result of the initial manipulation, and then explain why one group was more likely to select the purchasing condoms option than the other.

Advocating of condom use in a public way was a behavior that set up participants so that dissonance could be easily induced. Participants were asked to think either about why they, or why others, had not used condoms in the past. Those in the "they" condition felt more hypocritical (more cognitive dissonance) than those in the "others" condition. Thus, those in the high dissonance condition were more likely to purchase condoms (a direct method for dissonance reduction), while those in the "less-hypocritical" group were more likely to select the charitable behavior.