The formula for changing a raw score to a Z score is __________

In which example might an organization decide to pay someone less than is suggested by a job evaluation?

A) The position is popular among mid-difficulty managers because it is a good stepping-stone to upper-difficulty management positions. B) The position tends to be male-dominated. C) The position requires someone spend time in dangerous conditions. D) Other companies pay individuals in that position well.

According to Erikson, a negative outcome of the adolescent crisis is

a. stagnation. b. insecurity. c. low self-esteem. d. a weak sense of self. e. a sense of failure.