In the 2012 election, President Obama was the incumbent, and Mitt Romney was the __________

In a system of federalism, in which sovereign government does the individual hold citizenship?

a. The individual is only considered a citizen of the national government and simply a resident of the state. b. The state holds the individual’s citizenship. c. Some states allow dual citizenship while others do not. d. The individual is a citizen of both the state and the national governments. e. The individual must choose his/her citizenship.

Which of the following does not posit a structural argument?

a. Marxism b. institutionalism c. rational-choice institutionalism d. postmodernism