Benson, a black lab, had learned to associate two stimuli
with getting taken for a walk, his owner getting out his leash, and his owner getting out a belt. Every time his owner picked up his belt, Benson would jump around and get excited. His owner wanted Benson to stop that so he repeatedly took out his belt without taking Benson for a walk, and always took him for a walk when getting out his leash. He was teaching Benson to _____
a) generalize.
b) extinguish.
c) discriminate.
d) learn preferentially.
Answer: c
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Which of the following pairs of siblings is most likely to have the closest, warmest relationship?
a. Yarone is 13 years old, and his younger sister Shayla is 8 years old b. Tiffany is 5 years old and her younger brother Tajuan is 4 years old. c. Marquis is 9 years old and is very laid back, and his brother, Lanom, is 7 years old. d. Jack and his sister Jill are fraternal twins, and where Jack is very mellow his sister tends to be very emotional.
Placebos are used in experiments to a. control for the variability of individuals who tend to volunteer for research studies
b. control for the expectations of some research participants that they will improve just because they are in a research study. c. help determine whether an independent variable actually causes a statistically significant change in a dependent variable. d. make certain that the treatment and control group are randomly selected.