Most states require high school students to pass a functional literacy (minimum competency) test
before receiving a certificate of completion.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
FALSE
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On a fixed-ratio schedule reinforcement is given _________
a. for the first correct response after randomly varying amounts of time have passed b. for the next correct response after a fixed number of responses have been made c. for the first correct response after a fixed amount of time has passed d. for the next correct response after a varying number of responses have been made
Fetuses are capable of learning. This was illustrated in DeCasper and Spence's (1986) seminal study, which involved newborns listening to a Dr. Seuss story
Describe the methods and results of DeCasper and Spence's study, and discuss how the results support the claim that learning happens in utero. What will be an ideal response?