Steven is an abused 4-year-old child. Which of the following is NOT a likely contributor to his situation?

a) Steven is a child who is fussy, resistant to control, and is not readily adaptable to new situations.
b) Steven's parents have a history of violence and marital conflict.
c) Steven's biological father is his abuser.
d) Steven resides with a single-parent family who lives in poverty.

c

Psychology

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Positive reinforcement tends to __________ the probability of a response. Negative reinforcement tends to __________ the probability of a response

a) increase; increase b) increase; decrease c) decrease; decrease d) decrease; increase

Psychology

The ________ seizure disorder is often seen in children and is characterized by a spell of absence

a. complex b. petit mal c. simple partial d. atonic e. dystonic

Psychology