In ____________, there is some evidence that it can alter processes that were once thought to be automatic and outside the purview of voluntary control, such as reading.

According to your textbook, which of the following represents a reason why punishment will not always be effective in reducing or preventing aggressive behavior?

a. Because punishments are never strong enough. b. Because punishments are too time-consuming to administer. c. Because aggressive acts are often a function of controlled processing. d. Because some types aggressive acts are a function of impulsive responses to a situation.

Dr. Frederick is developing a new test for binge eating disorders. She finds that people who score high on the test engage in more binge eating and other forms of abnormal eating behaviors than people who score low on the test. These results indicate that the test has ____

a. good content validity b. interrater reliability c. high test-retest reliability d. good internal consistency