Pavlov placed food in the mouths of the dogs, and they began to salivate. Pavlov's student noticed that after a few days the dogs began to salivate at the sound of the student's footsteps. The salivation to the sound of the footsteps was a

_____ is based on the premise that people's behaviors result from conscious choices among alternatives, and that these alternatives are evaluated with respect to valence, among other things.

A) Equity theory B) Expectancy theory C) Self-determination theory D) Cognitive evaluation theory

Lisa just finished her graduate degree in psychology and has landed a job as the director of a large nursing home

Based on the research, which of the following ideas should she implement in an effort to help the residents effectively deal with their general stress? a) Lisa should work to create a quiet atmosphere where the residents can just sit and relax. b) Lisa should limit visiting hours so the residents can get more sleep without worrying about distractions. c) Lisa should offer as much choice to the residents as possible so they feel they have some aspect of control over their day. d) Lisa should avoid showing movies with loud noises, as that will likely increase their stress level.