On average, what value is expected for the F-ratio if the null hypothesis is true?

The first ministroke a person suffers serves as a warning that more strokes are likely to follow

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

JoAnn is a rational person who does not daydream or seek out new experiences. Instead, she enjoys familiar tasks and having a structured daily routine. According to the five-factor theory of personality, JoAnn is very low in

a. empathy. b. introversion. c. conscientiousness. d. openness.