Of the following figures, parents are most likely to encourage children's beliefs in ___

With respect to the male advantage on tests of mental rotation and math abilities, which of the following statements is true?

a) For both mental rotation and math, the male advantage is apparent in infancy. b) For mental rotation, the male advantage is apparent in infancy. For math, the male advantage appears after elementary school. c) For mental rotation, the male advantage appears during elementary school. For math, the male advantage is apparent in infancy. d) For both mental rotation and math, the male advantage appears during elementary school.

Benson, a black lab, had learned to associate two stimuli

with getting taken for a walk, his owner getting out his leash, and his owner getting out a belt. Every time his owner picked up his belt, Benson would jump around and get excited. His owner wanted Benson to stop that so he repeatedly took out his belt without taking Benson for a walk, and always took him for a walk when getting out his leash. He was teaching Benson to _____ a) generalize. b) extinguish. c) discriminate. d) learn preferentially.