Because of the DSM's powerful influence, it is important to be aware of its limitations. Analyze the four limitations discussed in the textbook:

? the danger of overdiagnosis;
? the power of diagnostic labels;
? the confusion of serious mental disorders with normal problems;
? the illusion of objectivity.
What will be an ideal response?

Answer: A good answer will include the following key points:
? The danger of overdiagnosis:
o Sometimes a particular diagnosis is overused when it doesn't really apply. For example, diagnoses of ADHD have skyrocketed since it was included in the DSM. The same has occurred for patients diagnosed with Childhood Bipolar Disorder.
? The power of diagnostic labels:
o After a person is given a label it is difficult to change it or get rid of it.
o A person can be stigmatized by the label.
o Others tend to view the person primarily in terms of the label and overlook other explanations.
o Nevertheless, a diagnosis can also provide reassurance to those who are seeking an explanation for their emotional symptoms (e.g. parents with children with Asperger's syndrome who have developed online support groups).
? The confusion of serious mental disorders with normal problems:
o Each edition of the DSM adds more disorders, including more and more everyday problems.
o This process equates everyday problems with serious mental disorder and implies that both need treatment.
? The illusion of objectivity and universality:
o Diagnostic categories are influenced by biases and prejudices of society rather than objective evidence.