Upon reinstatement of the death penalty, states created all of the following EXCEPT ________
A. a two-stage process, with one trial to determine guilt or innocence and another trial for the penalty phase
B. mandatory capital punishment for cases with aggravating factors and no mitigating ones
C. laws that mandated the death penalty if found guilty under specific circumstances
D. mandatory capital punishment for "cruel or unusual" crimes
ANSWER: D
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