How many times more likely is a man to have a personality disorder in Cluster A (paranoid, schizoid, or schizotypal) than a woman?

3-year-old Randy occasionally talks to himself in front of others, and ignores his mother's instructions to come to the table and eat with his family. In this example, Randy is demonstrating

a) childhood schizophrenia. b) conservation of thought. c) intuitive thought. d) egocentric thought.

Research indicates that stress can produce direct physiological effects such as all of the following EXCEPT

a) elevated blood pressure. b) psychological disorders. c) increased hormonal activity. d) decrease in immune system functioning.