A firm has a fixed cost of $500 in its first year of operation. When the firm produces 100 units of output, its total costs are $3,500 . When it produces 101 units of output, its total costs are $3,750 . What is the marginal cost of producing the 101st unit of output?

Estimations of demand are used as input in this type of scenario:

A. understanding automobile demand to decide whether to offer below-market-rate loans for new cars. B. as input into a firm's decision-making process. C. understanding the demand for oil in order to impose a new oil import tax. D. all of the above

Using the above figure, which of the following is CORRECT?

A) 1 guilder will sell for $2. B) 1 dollar will sell for 1/2 guilder. C) A shortage of guilders exists at an exchange rate above $0.60. D) A surplus of guilders exists at an exchange rate above $0.60.