When is the matching law most applicable?

a. ?When one is creating a fixed ratio schedule
b. ?When one must choose between classical or operant conditioning
c. ?When one is forced to choose a form of punishment, both of which are unpleasant
d. ?When one is exposed to at least two schedules of reinforcement

ANSWER:
d

Psychology

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Nonlearned reinforcers that usually satisfy physiological needs are known as

a. natural feedback. b. token reinforcers. c. primary reinforcers. d. secondary reinforcers.

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When preschoolers fail to understand an uninformative message, it is because they

a. tell other children that the nonsense has meaning elsewhere. b. guess at what the message meant, focusing on what they think the speaker is saying. c. become upset. d. repeat to others the "verbal nonsense" that they heard.

Psychology