The United States used military conscription throughout most of its history to raise and support its armed services. When did it begin, and under what authority did Congress enact it?

Why was it helpful in carrying out traditional military action? What does the Department of Defense argue will be needed in the future because of the changing nature of war?

Answer:

An ideal response will:
1. Indicate that the draft was first used during the Civil War and was enacted based on Congress's authority under the Constitution to do whatever is necessary to raise and support armed forces.
2. Explain that the draft was helpful during past wars in procuring a large number of personnel, which were needed in wars traditionally fought by massive armies in face-to-face combat.
3. Note how the changes in the nature of war make it likely that future wars will involve more precise engagements and the use of sophisticated technologies such as unmanned drones and computer viruses.
4. Identify the Department of Defense's argument that there will be less need for infantry soldiers and more need for stealth bomber and fighter pilots, technology experts, and naval ships that act as offshore bases.