Which economic concept is the closest to the saying, "There's no such thing as a free lunch"?

Crowding out due to government borrowing occurs when

A) lower interest rates increase private sector investments B) lower interest rates decrease private sector investment C) higher interest rates decrease private sector investment D) a smaller money supply increase private sector investment E) a smaller money supply decrease private sector investment

Which of the following U.S. Treasury securities represents ownership of the national debt?

a. Bonds owned by the banks and insurance companies. b. Bonds owned by private individuals. c. Bonds owned by foreigners. d. All of these.