Discuss the importance of planning in the database lifecycle, detailing the significant stages in the process. Once the design phase of the database lifecycle has been initiated, the objective is to achieve a conceptual database schema design. Explain the procedures necessary in order to achieve this objective.

What will be an ideal response?

The points made in the first part of 9.4 apply here also. In planning, current and future needs are
determined across the organization. Management commitment is crucial. Specific goals and
objectives are defined, business functions are defined, an information model may be developed
and an implementation plan. This may be revised as the current situation changes. Overall costs
and benefits are assessed,
In commencing design, we are starting data modeling. The process of data modeling should be
explained including the use of various techniques to aid this process. The answer may include
reference to top-down and bottom-up approaches.