Which of the following are factors that influence the partial pressure of alveolar carbon dioxide (PACO2)? 1. Diffusion 2. Ventilation 3. CO2 production 4. Perfusion of the lungs
a. 1 and 2 c. 1, 3, and 4
b. 2 and 3 d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
ANS: D
Four major factors influence the PACO2—CO2 production, perfusion of the lungs, diffusion, and ventilation. The balance of these four components represents the total transport and elimination of CO2.
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