Briefly describe how the Forest People use their music-culture to achieve the following:
What will be an ideal response?
Restoring Balance
"The active force of music-making contributes to the Forest People's enduring yet ever-changing way of life."
Enacting Values and Creating Self
"Improvised, open-ended polyphony embodies egalitarian cultural values such as cooperation, negotiation, argument, and personal autonomy."
Autonomy Within Community
• Their communal singing "wakes the forest," and restores their balance with nature. As their yodels echo "off the trees, the forest physically becomes one of the musicians."
• "Improvised, open-ended polyphony" reinforces cooperation and other communal values while, at the same time, helping individuals "develop identity within a group." (Enacting Values and Creating Self)
• Individuals within the BaAka community stand out; the identity of composers of particular songs and repertories is known, specific teacher-student transmission of the music-culture occurs, and individual performers standout. (Autonomy Within Community)
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When adult male singers use their head voice to produce a high, soprano-like sound, the result is called:
a. Sprechstimme b. bel canto c. falsetto d. divertimento e. invertible counterpoint
As defined by Film Art, a film's "plot" is
A. a brief summary of the film's action. B. the events as viewers mentally reconstruct them. C. everything visually and audibly present in the film. D. the most important action made by the protagonist.