"There must be a poverty class in order to encourage the upper class and middle class to strive harder" is a view held by

A transition win which the people rise up to overthrow an authoritarian regime in a popular revolution is considered a(n) ______.

A. top-down democratic transition B. bottom-up democratic transition C. top-down authoritarian transition D. bottom-up authoritarian transition

James Madison attributed the failure of the confederation to which of the following?

A. faulty institutions B. the moral vices of the citizens C. the rejection of home rule by the colonists D. George Washington's party coalition