In a contract negotiation, union leaders initially demand a $2 per hour raise. Management does not want to give workers a raise at all. Eventually, both sides agree to a $1 per hour raise. This is an example of ______

Which of the following is TRUE of infant-directed speech?

a. Infants prefer adult-directed speech to infant-directed speech. b. Only mothers use infant-directed speech. c. Infant-directed speech seems to attract the infant's attention. d. The use of infant-directed speech makes it more difficult for infants to identify speech sounds.

You visit your friend, Amy, and her 6-month-old son, Joey. You notice that when Amy talks to Joey she speaks slowly and with exaggerated changes in pitch and loudness. You think to yourself

a. "Amy had better stop talking that way or Joey is never going to learn to speak properly." b. "Amy's making it easier for Joey to perceive the important sounds of our language by talking to him the way she does." c. "Amy's correct to speak differently to Joey than she does to adults, but she should be speaking more quickly and with fewer changes in pitch and loudness." d. "It bugs me when Amy talks that way to Joey, but it's not going to affect how well Joey perceives language, either positively or negatively."