Your high school coach made the team do fingertip pushups at midfield, where
your nose had to touch the grass. Now you don't even like walking on a lawn.
As a
result of the classical conditioning that is often associated with punishment, grass has
become a _______ stimulus.
(a) an operant (b) a classical
(c) a conditioned (d) a discriminative
C
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Nine-year-old Desi is in the _____ stage of cognitive development whereas her 15-year-old brother is likely in the _____ stage
a) preoperational; concrete operations b) sensorimotor; preoperational c) formal operations; sensorimotor d) concrete operations; formal operations
Thirteen-month-old Kayla is learning to walk alone. When walking across the kitchen, she falls. Kayla immediately looks at her father, who seems worried. Kayla starts to cry. This demonstrates
A) self-conscious emotions. B) social referencing. C) mutual gaze. D) Kayla's secure attachment.