A researcher is interested in how school exercise programs can lead to better weight management in high school students. All the high school seniors are forced to run one mile a day before lunch. At the end of the semester, the researcher looks at weight management (gain/loss) and how fast each student ran his or her miles. He finds that kids who ran faster lost the most weight and assumes he should make students run faster next year. Unfortunately (for the researcher), most of the kids who ran fast were also in cross country. What type of problem does this present?

Which research findings below provide the most sound evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

A) Compared to students who took a test in a normal temperature room, test-taking students in a 32ºC room were more likely to express hostility toward a stranger. B) In cities all over the country, riots are more likely to occur on hot days than on cold days. C) Throughout the history of the World Series, more batters have been hit by pitched balls on hot days than on cool days. D) There are fewer riots in Canadian cities than there are in American cities. E) In Phoenix, drivers without air conditioning are more likely to honk at others than drivers with air conditioning.

Long ago, during the early days of television, when a television set was turned off it took a while for the last image that was on the screen to fade away. This phenomenon is most like __________ memory

a) iconic b) echoic c) short-term d) long-term