A political party exists on three levels: as a label, as an organization, and as a set of leaders.

In the 1989 decision of Texas v. Johnson, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that _____

a. burning the flag is a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment b. public prayers at high school football games violate the First Amendment c. the First Amendment protects the right of antiabortion activists to picket abortion clinics d. Ku Klux Klan demonstrations are protected by the First Amendment e. the Second Amendment does not guarantee the right of private citizens to carry firearms

Which of the following was a system-level cause of World War II?

a. Britain’s aggressive policy in continental affairs b. the absence of the Soviet Union and the U.S. in the balance of power to deter Germany c. France’s refusal to participate in the collective security agreements that constrained Germany d. economic collapse among capitalist states