Evan decided to take an F in English class rather than have to get up in front of the class to make an oral presentation. Evan probably suffers from

According to the authors, why are people often wrong in asserting that social psychology only reflects common sense?

A) People's inferences about psychological phenomena are rarely based in fact. B) Common sense is never correct. C) People are largely ignorant about what exactly social psychologists study. D) Most grandmothers' advice is based on common experience, not scientific evidence. E) So-called common sense findings often make more sense in retrospect than in advance.

Instinctive or involuntary behavior would probably be BEST modified by ___________

a. operant conditioning b. trial and error c. classical conditioning d. shaping