Why are variable-ratio reinforcement schedules effective?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Variable-ratio reinforcement schedules involve giving out a reward after a random number of behaviors. Slot machines are an example of variable-ratio schedules. Variable-ratio schedules are addictive. You will keep trying a behavior, such as putting money in a slot machine, never knowing when/if the money will come out.
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The text listed several psychological and social characteristics that make us less vulnerable to the harmful effects of stress. Choose any two--define them, give an example of each, and describe what we know about them
What will be an ideal response?
________ is a time frame of about 30 seconds during which we either use and dispose of information or work to retain it
a. Encoding b. Sensory memory c. Working memory d. Long-term memory