In Lang's experiment studying the effects of alcohol and the effects of expectations on aggression there were three groups:
Group 1: Expected alcohol, received only tonic.
Group 2: Expected alcohol, received alcohol mixed with tonic.
Group 3: Expected tonic, received alcohol mixed with tonic.
Which of the following is true?
a) Only Groups 2 and 3 were experimental groups.
b) Only Group 1 was an experimental group.
c) Group 1 was a control group.
d) All three groups were experimental groups.
Answer: d
Psychology