Dr. Watson wanted to know which gender was better at sharing at the sixth-grade level, so he went to the local middle school to observe lunch periods. This is a form of ____________
A) case study
B) naturalistic observation
C) experimental design
D) confirmation bias
Answer: B
Rationale: When psychologists engage in naturalistic observation, as in this example, they unobtrusively observe and record behavior as it occurs in the subject's natural environment. Dr. Watson's research is not a case study because he is not studying one student in-depth. It also is not an experiment, because he is only observing, not manipulating independent variables.
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According to the framing effect,
a. under some circumstances, the framework of a question encourages too much reliance on the representativeness heuristic. b. when people make decisions, the deep structureâ€"or frameâ€"is more important than the surface structure. c. decision-makers show a clear-cut tendency to assume that the same frame holds true for all the decisions in a particular set. d. the way in which a question is asked has an important influence on people's decisions.
In the 1950s and 1960s, psychosocial theories proposed that ________ were responsible for the development of autistic disorder.
a. authoritative parents b. lead-based paints c. childhood inoculations d. "refrigerator mothers"