Difficulty concentrating is an internalizing problem

Chapter 10 discussed a study by Clark and Wilkes-Gibbs in which two people try to communicate about the order in which various geometric figures are to be arranged. The research showed that

a. people could not accomplish this task unless they were close friends. b. people soon developed a shorthand communication system. c. people typically increased their hand gestures at the same time that they decreased their verbal output. d. people seem to remain fairly stable across trials in terms of the number of turns required to agree upon a figure.

The textbook example displaying the words "THE CAT" emphasizes the benefit of

understanding __________ when top-down processing the differences between the "H" and the "A." Fill in the blanks with correct word