As a reaction to stress, low back pain is a musculoskeletal psychophysiological disorder.

Jared and Marc both flunk their calculus test. Jared says to his friends that there is no point in his continuing in the course because, although he is confident, he suspects that the teacher doesn't like him. Marc says he is going to drop the course because he is just plain stupid in calculus and most math. According to the reformulated learned helplessness theory, __________.

A. Marc is more likely to become depressed than Jared B. Marc is more likely to feel helpless than Jared C. Jared is more likely to become depressed than Marc D. Jared is more likely to feel helpless than Marc

In individuals from ethnic minority groups, identification with the mainstream culture a. cannot be accomplished without losing a sense of one's own ethnic group. b. sometimes strengthens one's own ethnic identity and sometimes weakens it. c. leads to rejection by one's peers

d. results in a significant loss in self-esteem.